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163 BCE - 72 CE: Duration of The Kingdom of Commagene, founded by Ptolemaeus of Commagene.
163 BCE - 130 BCE: Reign of the first king of Commagene, Ptolemaeus of Commagene.
130 BCE - 109 BCE: Reign of the second king of Commagene, Sames II.
109 BCE - 70 BCE: Reign of the third king of Commagene, Mithridates I Callinicus.
70 BCE - 38 BCE: Reign of the fourth (and greatest) king of Commagene, Antiochus I Theos, who built the mortuary complex of Nemrut Dagi on Mount Nemrut.
38 BCE - 20 BCE: Reign of the fifth king of Commagene, Mithridates II.
20 BCE - 12 BCE: Reign of the sixth king of Commagene, Mithridates III.
12 BCE - 17 CE: Reign of the seventh king of Commagene, Antiochus III Epiphanes.
17 CE - 38 CE: The Kingdom of Commagene is ruled by Rome.
38 CE - 72 CE: Reign of the eighth and last king of Commagene, Antiochus IV (also considered the greatest), who built Antiochia ad Cragum and Aytap.
72 CE: The Kingdom of Commagene absorbed by the Roman Empire into the province of Cilicia.