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Pizan's The Status of Women & the Reformation
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Pizan's The Status of Women & the Reformation

The Book of the City of the Ladies (1405) by Christine de Pizan (l. 1364 - c. 1430) is considered by many scholars to be the first work of feminist literature, predating A Vindication of the Rights of Women (1792) by Mary Wollstonecraft by...
The Women of Athena's Cult
Article by Joshua J. Mark

The Women of Athena's Cult

In ancient Athens, women had no life outside the home unless they were prostitutes or were engaged in religious activities such as festivals. Every Greek deity in every city-state had their own cult (sect) but the cult of Athena offered women...
Women in the Old Testament
Article by Rebecca Denova

Women in the Old Testament

Modern practitioners of Judaism and Christianity often turn to the Bible for stories concerning women and their roles in ancient religion and society. It is important to acknowledge that these stories were written by men. The male perspectives...
Women in Ancient Greece
Article by Mark Cartwright

Women in Ancient Greece

Women in the ancient Greek world had few rights in comparison to male citizens. Unable to vote, own land, or inherit, a woman's place was in the home and her purpose in life was the rearing of children. That is a general description and when...
Women Scientists in the Scientific Revolution
Article by Mark Cartwright

Women Scientists in the Scientific Revolution

Women scientists during the Scientific Revolution (1500-1700) were few in number because male-dominated educational institutions, as well as scientific societies and academies, barred women entry, meaning that few had the education or opportunity...
Women in the Mongol Empire
Article by Mark Cartwright

Women in the Mongol Empire

Women in the Mongol Empire (1206-1368 CE) shared the daily chores and hardships of steppe life with men and were largely responsible for tending animals, setting up camps, childrearing, producing food and cooking it. Having rather more rights...
Ten Should-Be Famous Women of Early Christianity
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Ten Should-Be Famous Women of Early Christianity

There were many famous women of early Christianity who made significant contributions to the development of the faith but have since been largely forgotten. Some have been canonized by the Church or recognized in other ways, but their efforts...
Women in Ancient China
Article by Mark Cartwright

Women in Ancient China

Women in ancient China did not enjoy the status, either social or political, afforded to men. Women were subordinate to first their fathers, then their husbands, and finally, in the case of being left a widow, their sons in a system known...
Women of Trachis
Definition by Donald L. Wasson

Women of Trachis

Women of Trachis is a Greek tragedy, one of Sophocles' (c. 496 BCE - c. 406 BCE) lesser-known works, the only one that does not deal with the aftermath of the Trojan War, rather it is concerned with the death of the Greek hero Heracles (or...
Women's March on Versailles
Definition by Harrison W. Mark

Women's March on Versailles

The Women's March on Versailles, also known as the October March or the October Days, was a defining moment in the early months of the French Revolution (1789-1799). On 5 October 1789, crowds of Parisian market women marched on Versailles...
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