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Arsinoe II Philadelphus
Definition by Branko van Oppen

Arsinoe II Philadelphus

Arsinoe II (l. c. 318/311 - c. 270/268 BCE), daughter of Ptolemy I became one of the most enduring figures of the Lagid or Ptolemaic Dynasty and left an undeniable mark in the historical evidence. She was married three times; first to Alexander...
Late Period of Ancient Egypt
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Late Period of Ancient Egypt

The Late Period of Egypt (525-332 BCE) is the era following the Third Intermediate Period (1069-525) and preceding the brief Hellenistic Period (332-323 BCE) when Egypt was ruled by the Argead officials installed by Alexander the Great prior...
Roman Science
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Roman Science

The Romans assimilated earlier Greek science for their own purposes, evaluating and then accepting or rejecting that which was most useful, much as they did in other fields such as warfare, art, and theatre. This assimilation of Greek thought...
Ptolemaic Dynasty in Ancient Egypt
Lesson by Patrick Goodman

Ptolemaic Dynasty in Ancient Egypt

We have prepared one lesson plan including classroom activities, assignments, homework, and keys as well as: Open questions adaptable for debates, presentations, and essays Recommended resources to provide you and your students with...
Library of Alexandria
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Library of Alexandria

The Library of Alexandria was established under the Ptolemaic Dynasty of Egypt (323-30 BCE) and flourished under the patronage of the early kings to become the most famous library of the ancient world, attracting scholars from around the...
Collection of Ptolemaic Jewellery
Image by Getty Museum

Collection of Ptolemaic Jewellery

This opulent collection of Ptolemaic jewellery from Egypt probably belonged to a wealthy woman and was made between 225–175 BCE. The various pieces were made out of gold and are inlaid with a variety of precious stones. The collection...
Roman Mosaic of Ptolemaic Soldiers
Image by Camelia.boban

Roman Mosaic of Ptolemaic Soldiers

This scene is part of the Nile mosaic of Palestrina (c. 100 BCE), found in Palestrina, Italy. It portrays a group of Ptolemaic Greek soldiers in Egypt on the banks of the Nile. The soldiers are clad in typical Hellenistic equipment including...
Head of a Mummy from Ptolemaic-Roman Egypt
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Head of a Mummy from Ptolemaic-Roman Egypt

This is the upper part of a mummy of an unknown young man; probably, his age was below 21 years. The rest of the mummy is intact but is not shown here. The mummy was discovered in the 1820s CE. The elaborate preparation of this mummy is highly...
Diademed Head of a Ptolemaic King
Image by Getty Museum

Diademed Head of a Ptolemaic King

This marble portrait of a diademed man is believed to depict a Ptolemaic king. The piece is made of marble from Asia Minor and was produced in Alexandria, Egypt. The portrait is part of the collection of the J. Paul Getty Museum. Digital...
Berenice II Euergetis
Definition by Branko van Oppen

Berenice II Euergetis

Berenice II Euergetis (c. 267-221 BCE) was a pre-eminent Hellenistic queen, who ruled together with her husband Ptolemy III (r. 246-221 BCE), when the Ptolemaic kingdom was at the height of its power, dominating most of the eastern Mediterranean...
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